The ratio between number of results per database combination and the total number of results for all databases, The ratio between precision per database combination and the total precision for all databases. In that case, Google Scholar might add value by searching the full text of articles. Sixteen percent of the included references (291 articles) were only found in a single database; Embase produced the most unique references (n=132). We identified all included references that were uniquely identified by a single database. f~C>j)Kx8t>qi0@fWT. For CINAHL and PsycINFO, in one case each, unique relevant references were found. A systematic approach to searching: how to perform high quality literature searches more efficiently. Designed for an audience ranging from novice test consumers to experienced professionals, the MMY series contains information essential for a complete evaluation of test products within such diverse areas as psychology, education, business, and leadership. Improvement of precision was calculated as the ratio between the original precision from the searches in all databases and the precision for each database and combination. Based on these, we determined the percentage of reviews where that database combination had achieved 100% recall, more than 95%, more than 90%, and more than 80%. Bramer WM, de Jonge GB, Rethlefsen ML, Mast F, Kleijnen J. Based on the number of results per database both before and after deduplication as recorded at the time of searching, we calculated the ratio between the total number of results and the number of results for each database and combination. For 55 reviews, we determined the domain. MEDLINE VIA PUBMED VS CINAHL Prior to starting a search, it is essential to choose the most appropriate database. Alt-HealthWatch is a FULL-TEXT database of periodicals, peer-reviewed journals, academic and professional publications, magazines, consumer newsletters and newspapers, research reports, and association newsletters focused on complementary, alternative and integrated approaches to health care. Based on our findings, this combination achieves acceptable recall about half the time (47%). Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. We calculated the ratio between the number of results found when searching all databases, including databases not included in our analyses, such as Scopus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, and the number of results found searching a selection of databases. Cookies policy. Google Scholar. Ross-White A, Godfrey C. Is there an optimum number needed to retrieve to justify inclusion of a database in a systematic review search? 2016;87:713. It offers job search and workplace skills improvement, skill building in reading, writing, math, and basic science, career certification and licensure exam prep, college and grad school entrance test prep, GED test prep, and more. Bookshelf This search was used in earlier research [21]. A review of meta-analyses. For example, in the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you find the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you see. On 5 January 2017, we searched PubMed for articles with the phrase systematic review in the title. HR;QBYVCU-7;-7O?zIo =IBK OH)k11H?3xQao7~Z| Google Scholar. Therefore, for this research, a total of 58 systematic reviews were analyzed. Lemeshow AR, Blum RE, Berlin JA, Stoto MA, Colditz GA. Searching one or two databases was insufficient for meta-analysis of observational studies. Technical Problems Every computer system will have a breakdown. Beginning in May 2013, the number of records retrieved from each search for each database was recorded at the moment of searching. Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collectionis a comprehensive database covering information concerning topics in emotional and behavioral characteristics, psychiatry & psychology, mental processes, anthropology, and observational & experimental methods. To compare our practice of database usage in systematic reviews against current practice as evidenced in the literature, we analyzed a set of 200 recent systematic reviews from PubMed. Registered in England & Wales No. In 23 reviews included in this research, Scopus was searched. For example, around a third of the reviews (37%) relied on the combination of MEDLINE and Embase. ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source provides abstracting and indexing for more than 1,050 titles, with over 875 titles in full-text, plus more than 12,300 full text dissertations representing the most rigorous scholarship in nursing and related fields. Article MEDLINE is an index of the biomedical journal literature produced by the National Library of Medicine. There are disadvantages to using multiple databases. Starting with the most recent articles, we determined the databases searched either from the abstract or from the full text until we had data for 200 reviews. These values were calculated both for all reviews combined and per individual review. The three databases were searched for citations on topics selected by three nurse researchers and the results were compared. Kr Mo@h(fW"\x| Tu?g n=~?@(wg &Jl1/>nw\CCX=prz Dcr8UBW3L`Du8*r (+P/:SXQB^ Figure4 shows the distribution of this value for individual reviews. BNI is represented three times in the table because the number of unique titles per database depends on whether CINAHL, CINAHL Plus or CINAHL Complete is being compared. Since May 2013, the first author prospectively recorded results from systematic review searches that he performed at his institution. Note: Putting quotation marks around phrases tells the database to search for these words as a phrase and not as individual words. This is the world's largest full text psychology database offering full text coverage for nearly 400 journals. To identify whether our searches had found the included references, and if so, from which database(s) that citation was retrieved, each included reference was located in the original corresponding EndNote library using the first author name combined with the publication year as a search term for each specific relevant publication. Jz9+]J,y92Nt,t\9/FK:> ).{Qf3PSrPaU>`Pn8e==rIvyFAA-qYB6B )lYUIJa)se2*O:+6XLe[S =d^J>]b=\qf'9E%L`DS_.A\yX Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. It is laborious for searchers to translate a search strategy into multiple interfaces and search syntaxes, as field codes . <>>> PMC The information specialists of Erasmus MC developed an efficient method that helps them perform searches in many databases in a much shorter time than other methods. 2014;21:34354. In both these reviews, the topic was highly related to the topic of the database. 2016;5:39. Conclusion Some of the remaining reviews explored patient experience of conditions including heart failure, diabetes, respiratory tract infections while others investigated patient experience of healthcare interventions such as anti-depressants, occupational therapy or palliative care. Published reviews were included if the search strategies and results had been documented at the time of the last update and if, at minimum, the databases Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar had been used in the review. To learn more about Boolean operators, please see this Quick Answer: Here is an example of how to put together a complex search in CINAHL: Note: If you have not already logged in to the Library databases, you will be prompted to log in with your myWalden Portal user name and password. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. PubMed Improving search efficiency for systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy: an exploratory study to assess the viability of limiting to MEDLINE, EMBASE and reference checking. Of course, the loss of a minor non-randomized included study that follows the systematic reviews conclusions would not be as problematic as losing a major included randomized controlled trial with contradictory results. J Psychosom Res. However, the wide range of scope, topic, and criteria between systematic reviews and their related review types make it very hard to answer this question. Ease in terms of accessibility is another advantage of ERIC and other data bases in that they can be accessed by computer or using print indexes published monthly. Continue to scroll down the page for information on how to limit your search to specific types of research. Journal coverage, which spans from the 1800s to present, includes international material selected from around 2,400 periodicals in dozens of languages. For the individual databases and combinations that were used in those reviews, we multiplied the frequency of occurrence in that set of 200 with the probability that the database or combination would lead to an acceptable recall (which we defined at 95%) that we had measured in our own data. Higgins JPT, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: The Cochrane Collaboration, London, United Kingdom. Since the introduction of the more complete MEDLINE collection Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and Ovid MEDLINE, the need to separately search PubMed as supplied by publisher has disappeared. Additionally, search strategies are limited to a maximum of 256 characters, which means that creating a thorough search strategy can be laborious. 2005 Jan;58(1):20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.06.001. Cite this article. Using data sources beyond PubMed has a modest impact on the results of systematic reviews of therapeutic interventions. Previous studies have investigated the added value of different databases on different topics [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. 2. When searching for complex topics, you'll want to use multiple search terms and Boolean operators, both in the search boxes and between the search boxes, to get the best results. There are also fewer of them, and they can be harder to find. Figure5 shows the improvement of precision for 15 databases and database combinations. In general, searches are developed in MEDLINE in Ovid (Ovid MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily and Ovid MEDLINE, from 1946); Embase.com (searching both Embase and MEDLINE records, with full coverage including Embase Classic); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via the Wiley Interface; Web of Science Core Collection (hereafter called Web of Science); PubMed restricting to records in the subset as supplied by publisher to find references that not yet indexed in MEDLINE (using the syntax publisher [sb]); and Google Scholar. McGowan J, Sampson M. Systematic reviews need systematic searchers. Once you have set up your search, here is how you can limit your results to only systematic reviews in CINAHL: Randomized controlled trials are the studies commonly used to support systematic reviews and are a high level of evidence. This filter can be usedfind articles that are clinically-sound. 2006 Jul;59(7):710-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.09.013. government site. Subject-specific databases like PsycINFO only added unique references to a small percentage of systematic reviews when they had been used for the search. For all but one domain, the traditional combination of Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL did not retrieve enough included references. Article A total of 292 (17%) references were found by only one database. Google Scholar, Zheng MH, Zhang X, Ye Q, Chen YP. Our experience has shown us that it is also impacted by the ability of the searcher, the accuracy of indexing of the database, and the complexity of terminology in a particular field. Embase retrieved the most unique included references, followed by MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Even when taking into account that many searchers consider the use of Scopus as a replacement of Embase, plus taking into account the large overlap of Scopus and Web of Science, this estimate remains similar. >/- 8CqD 0:J AT~Xr Bx:.}U_y>gEdUug1tXA ed! and transmitted securely. Most reviews did not limit to certain study designs, 9% limited to RCTs only, and another 9% limited to other study types. WB drafted the first manuscript, which was revised critically by the other authors. 11 reviews, where we were able to recheck all the databases used by the original review authors, had included a study that was uniquely identified from the CINAHL database. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. MEDLINEprovides authoritative medical information on medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the health care system, pre-clinical sciences, and much more. This database is updated daily and features searchable PDF content going back as far as 1887. The collection contains thousands of proprietary, copyrighted images depicting normal anatomy, physiology, embryology, and histology, as well as the web's largest repository of reference illustrations depicting surgery, trauma, pathology, diseases and conditions. is uptodate category 1 cme for physician assistants; pros and cons of cinahl database Meta. From a set of 200 recent SRs identified via PubMed, we analyzed the databases that had been searched. We assessed the frequency at which databases and combinations would achieve varying levels of recall (i.e., 95%). Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Comparison of CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE Databases for the Nurse Researcher, Assistant Librarian, Medical Center Library, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, Associate Director for Public Services, Scott Memorial Library, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, /doi/epdf/10.1300/J115V12N03_04?needAccess=true. P?p~p[pL A^!!.zIzTVw8fIrHtbyzb,FKp*^rU BL@BXFHZY+Ifn_R]4CrVt@Z93Pv}Nm,a`YMv'PN` 7"t YsaQ>+dpZhS++pRBb*0n%D,A\G-;rXHD6JK7%ME9,|<9 Walden Departments, Centers, and Resources, Once you are in the database, use the search boxes to enter your keywords. At Erasmus MC, search strategies for systematic reviews are often designed via a librarian-mediated search service. Those databases that contributed the most unique included references were then considered candidate databases to determine the most optimal combination of databases in the further analyses. Rathbone J, Carter M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou P. Syst Rev. Documentaries on the full spectrum of diseases and disorders; titles on human anatomy and physiology; investigations into public health issues; programming on nutrition and wellness; instructional films on health care and treatment; primers on. Figure1 shows the percentages of reviews where a certain database combination led to a certain recall. CINAHL indexing terms and policies reflect a more general approach and the index term "diagnosis," when exploded (ie, when all subdivisions of the indexed term are retrieved), covers most aspects of nursing assessment, screening (people with no symptoms or indications of disease), and diagnosis (people with symptoms or conditions suggestive of Disadvantages of using CINAHL There really aren't any, except that it's just a single database, and you might miss material that is available elsewhere. Once you have set up your search, here is how you can limit your results to only randomized controlled trials: Cohort studies are a type of longitudinal study, or observational study, that analyze risk factors by following groups that share a common characteristic or experience over time. 1990;23:58393. Once you have set up your search, here is how you can limit your results to only case studies: CINAHL Plus with Full Text offers a number of filters or limiters that can help you find only specific types of studies. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley As our research is performed on systematic reviews, the main performance measure is recall. Performance of a search can be expressed in different ways. For nine of these reviews, all the studies that had been included in the final synthesis were available in the CINAHL database, so it could have been possible to identify all the included studies using just this one database, while for an additional 21 reviews (49 %), 80 % or more of the included studies were available in CINAHL. On this page you will learn how to limit your results in CINAHL to: Here is an example of a search for a cohort study in CINAHL: A case study, or case report, is a research method involving a detailed investigation of a single individual or a single organized group. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Before HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help pros and cons of cinahl database Categories. See Table1 for definitions of these measures. How do I view content? The one review where it was insufficient was about alternative medicine, specifically meditation and relaxation therapy, where one of the missed studies was published in the Indian Journal of Positive Psychology. Are MEDLINE searches sufficient for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the diagnostic accuracy of depression screening tools? Because this is a novel finding, we cannot conclude whether it is due to our dataset or to a generalizable principle. Careers. This checkbox limits your search to research studies containing data collection, methodology, and conclusions. Note: With this limiter you will need to evaluate your results to determine what type of evidence each article contains. The searcher in the case of all 58 systematic reviews is an experienced biomedical information specialist. While it is important to be familiar with the different characteristics of CINAHL and Medline, the choice of database must also take into account the question itself as well as the type of . Halladay CW, Trikalinos TA, Schmid IT, Schmid CH, Dahabreh IJ. Health Inf Libr J. The X-axis represents the percentage of reviews for which a specific combination of databases, as shown on the y-axis, reached a certain recall (represented with bar colors). 2 - CRzB:x{m9*eZvs@~&AWSiwY5a%Ofn(ehsVvu-O#Y+(t &c-SvTtFg *@WsWTy._,i@R(ay>EK4J=z}8S6(Cw viV%Q%bs-&{ endobj In addition, Michaleff et al. In general, we use the first 200 references as sorted in the relevance ranking of Google Scholar. [17] found the added value of other databases only for newer, non-indexed references. Most of the selected UK nursing journals have earlier start and entry dates in CINAHL than BNI. CINAHL contains many systematic reviews published in journals. Hartling L, Featherstone R, Nuspl M, Shave K, Dryden DM, Vandermeer B. stream PubMed National Library of Medicine Many articles written on this topic have calculated overall recall of several reviews, instead of the effects on all individual reviews. Our experience in this study shows that additional efforts, such as hand searching, reference checking, and contacting key players, should be made to retrieve extra possible includes. x]Y~w_R%l@$RI[{odf]y4OH ]C|hpt_m/xt>ov\rxl_ g,)#5|wd=SO'^=I.zZ~|YJ2"%cVK^Ir~PNluRn-2B nlVy*/Us>-|\ .a-=/l :s#C&xdyu3Di*e"ySHs=?7i Searching only Embase produced an NNR of 57 on average, whereas, for the optimal combination of four databases, the NNR was 73. Unique references were included articles that had been found by only one database search. When the number of references from other databases was low, we expected the total number of potential relevant references to be low. Due to the nature and distribution of the nursing literature, it is especially important for the searcher to understand and respond to the focus of the researcher. Special topics databases such as CINAHL and PsycINFO should be added if the topic of the review directly touches the primary focus of a specialized subject database, like CINAHL for focus on nursing and allied health or PsycINFO for behavioral sciences and mental health. In 72% of studied systematic reviews, the combination of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar retrieved all included references. Complexity The provision of the functionality we expect of a good DBMS makes the DBMS an extremely complex piece of software. This implies that 17% of the reviews in the PubMed sample would have achieved an acceptable recall of 95%. Part of Of all reviews in which we searched CINAHL and PsycINFO, respectively, for 6 and 9% of the reviews, unique references were found. We recommend that, regardless of their topic, searches for biomedical systematic reviews should combine Embase, MEDLINE (including electronic publications ahead of print), Web of Science (Core Collection), and Google Scholar (the 200 first relevant references) at minimum. Thedatabase itself is unfiltered, but includes many filtered items like systematic reviews. ; ; This database provides nearly 550 scholarly full text journals focusing on many medical disciplines. CAUTION Do not use Linked Full Text Limit. 2018. Halladay et al. Prior research on database importance for systematic reviews has looked primarily at whether included references could have theoretically been found in a certain database, but most have been unable to ascertain whether the researchers actually found the articles in those databases [10, 12, 16, 17, 26]. Objective: To review the literature on the benefits and disadvantages of clinical and medical audit, and to assess the main facilitators and barriers to conducting the audit process. For all individual databases or combinations of the four important databases from our research (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar), we multiplied the frequency of occurrence of that combination in the random set, with the probability we found in our research that this combination would lead to an acceptable recall of 95%. However, for one review of this domain, the recall was 82%. Is the coverage of Google Scholar enough to be used alone for systematic reviews. This research goes beyond retrospectively assessed coverage to investigate real search performance in databases. Using similar calculations, also shown in Table5, we estimated the probability that 100% of relevant references were retrieved is 23%. 2 for the comparison of the recall of Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL per review for all identified domains. Search Limits. The SMART Imagebase is a unique, educational resource for students, educators, library patrons, and professionals in healthcare and news media.

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