59.5; 64.5; 2 Apol. Justin believes that Socrates (and Plato) had received revelation from the Logos. Ph.D., The Fathers of the Church, The First Apology, The Second Apology, Dialogue with Trypho, Exhortation to the Greeks, Discourse to the Greeks, The Monarchy of the Rule of God, The Fathers of the Church Patristic Series, The Catholic University of America Press, Washington, D.C., 2008, Holte, Ragnar, Logos Spermatikos: Christianity and Ancient Philosophy according to St. Justins Apologies, Gleerup, Sweden, 1958, Jones, E. Michael, Logos Rising, A History of Ultimate Reality, Fidelity Press, South Bend, Indiana, 2020, Martyr, Justin, St. Justin Martyr First and Second Apologies, Translated with introductory notes by Leslie William Bernard, pp. [2] Hengel (Johannine Question, 13) wrote that Justins Logos Christology is inconceivable without the prologue of John. For Hill (Johannine Corpus, 318), Justins notion of Christ as Gods only Son, begotten in a peculiar manner is more or less simply a repackaging of Johns notion of the pre-existent, divine Word, the monogenes of the Father. One would still have to admit that Justin augments Johannine Logos with the firstborn of Col 1:15, married it with the Synoptic infancey narratives, and identifies Christ with angelic traits. 2 Pages. The New Testament writers use this same word many times. Justin didn't call the Logos a person, per se - that wording would come about 50 years later with Tertullian, and even then it wasn't a person as we think of a person but more a modalistic manifestation of the one God - but he did think of the Logos as "numerically distinct from the Father" rather than being an aspect of the Father. 16, 24, 70, 82), 1991, Ecclesia in Asia, Pope John Paul II, (nos. 63-70; 1 Apol. The divine Logos moved the prophets to prophesy (1 Apol. 1. The "Logos" in Justin is equated with universal. Are they supposed to be similar but not identical? 10.6; 36.1), he was pre-existent before creation and already existed as God (Dial. Socrates was thus a "Christian" before Christ, in much the same way that Abraham was. His First Apology, written around 156 A.D., was written for no less than the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius in order to defend the Christians against various erroneous charges brought against them.4 His Second Apology was a supplement to the first and was written to the Roman Senate. All the New Testament was written in Greek, but there seems to be no single word in Latin or English that compares with Logos. 5.4) and the Son holds second place with the prophetic spirit in the third rank (1 Apol. Greek- what's the difference between , , and ? Justin Martyr was an early Christian apologist.He was born around AD 100. Jesus said He was the Truth and the Way and the Life (14:6). "Justin: The mystery, then, of the lamb which God enjoined to be sacrificed as the passover, was a type of Christ; with whose blood, in proportion to their faith in Him, they anoint their houses, i.e., themselves, who believe in Him." Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho 0 likes Like That which was made in him was life, and the life was the light of men. Active Directory: Account Operators can delete Domain Admin accounts, Drift correction for sensor readings using a high-pass filter. . 55.1; 61.1; 128.4; 129.4). in the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He did make a distinction in the fullness of revelation among the Greeks as compared with the Jews. Later Protestant thinkers like John Calvin had a more pessimistic view. 23, 60.5, 127. The Apostle Paul, in opening his message to the Athenians, on Mars Hill, masterfully got around this problem by saying he was just going to tell them how to better to worship one of their own gods "the Unknown God" (Acts 17:23). It is no surprise, then, that Justin Martyrs ideas are having a resurgence in the Christian world and are alive and well. Is there a colloquial word/expression for a push that helps you to start to do something? Equate View source History Talk (0) 1997-2010. 61.2; 128.3-4). The Logos is divine (1 Apol. 11). On the other hand, he is not making the distinction between Christian and non-Christian so distinct as to sever any commonality between them and making Christianity an island unto itself. "Word" is such a mundane word compared to "Logos" which is rich in meaning and comes loaded with 500 years of philosophical baggage. The typeface used is the Spencerian script. By borrowing the shape and other design elements from mythical, cultural, and historical sources, you can engage people with the design. The Platonic Ideas (i.e. Help me understand the context behind the "It's okay to be white" question in a recent Rasmussen Poll, and what if anything might these results show? And really, these ideas, especially the ones about each man having the capability to recognize the Logos within, originate with Heraclitus. Jesus is distinct in number, but not in substance (Dial. In fact, the pagan religion did not follow the ways of the Logos, but clung to myth, even if Greek philosophy recognized that mythology was . Augustine, in a well-known passage of the Confessions (vii. There is a natural parallel here to the Holy Spirit. If Paul based his ministry on proclaiming what Jesus did . The. The Logos is in some sense distinguishable from God, for "the Logos was with God. They were more congruent than not in his mind, which is why he stressed their similarities. The Nike swoosh logo is shaped as a wing of the Greek goddess of Victory, Nike. If tradition holds true, he could have been born in the same year that St. John the Apostle died, a symbolic passing of the baton. The Holy Father dedicated his catechesis during Wednesday morning's general audience to the figure of St. Justin, philosopher and martyr, the most important of the Apologist Fathers of the second century. But that the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, I read not there. You can read more about the reforms of Socrates in post 4. Hair care. And that the soul of man, though it bears witness to the light, yet itself is not that light; but the Word of God, being God, is that true light that lights every man that cometh into the world. Thank you! John was not the first to say "in the beginning", nor the first to use Logos; but he did connect them in a unique way. Dodd (page 10 of book, which begins chapter 2 of Part I, "The Background"):- [2] Justins Logos is Gods instrument of revelation to humans (Dial. But, that He came unto His own, and His own received Him not; but as many as received Him, to them gave He power to become the sons of God, as many as believed in His name; this I read not there. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. St. Justin Martyr, Catholic Faith and Reason website: St. Justin Martyr, Britannica Encyclopedia online, Excerpt of a translation of chapter 10 of the, Excerpt of a translation of chapter 46 of the. Browse other questions tagged, Like any library, Christianity Stack Exchange offers great information, but, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Instead of going head-to-head with his opponents strength, he used that strength against them. And so, those Christians are more right than wrong: what matters is that unlike the Greek "Logos", the Word of God became flesh, died for our sins, and rose again the third day. Justin believed that any person who lived in accordance with the logos was a Christian whether that person knew it or not. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? 5.3). The Logos is the seed of reason by which philosophers and barbarians were able to know the truth (1 Apol. In Chapter V, for example, he writes: . 84.2; 1 Apol. and became man, and was called Jesus Christ. Justin and the other apologists chose "the truth of existence over the myth of convention. Evangelism involves working with the Holy Spirit in order to point out what is evident but in many cases not recognized. He stated that the logos worked through the arche, fire, in order to bring order to the cosmos. The purpose of this post is to explore the relationship between Greek reason and Hebrew revelation in the Catholic Church, which is where Justin Martyr comes in. Just like Socrates expounded upon an unknown god, so too the Chinese philosopher named Lao Tzu stated when discussing the universal ordering principle that she perceived at work in the world: I do not know its name, but characterize it as the Tao.12, Interestingly, Lao Tzu, Old Master, lived at about the same time as Heraclitus. things through Socrates, but also among the Barbarians were they The country seems to be confused about censorship, free speech, and any An American in Amman: A U.S. The Memra is the signer of covenantal . The Logos, John would claim in the Prologue to his Gospel, wasn't just a theoretical principle, although it was certainly that. Nah - not an "Arian." St. John Declares that Jesus Christ is the Eternal Logos Creator of the Universe, 40. This angel called God, is distinct from God, the Creator; distinct, that is, in number, but not in mind (Dial. Oral care. Why did the author of Johns Gospel use that particular word? Body care. It is the Holy Spirit who is at work in the hearts of all people to draw them to Christ, the eternal Logos. Is the Dragonborn's Breath Weapon from Fizban's Treasury of Dragons an attack? The builders of the building were the Stoics, Philo of Alexandria, and St. John, among others. Borrowing from John's treatment of the Word ( Logos in Greek) in his gospel, Justin taught that any truth in the Greek or pagan philosophies was the Word or Logos reaching out to sinful humanity. Thus, famously, Socrates in 399 BC was sentenced to death: the accusers cited two impious acts by Socrates: "failing to acknowledge the gods that the city acknowledges" and "introducing new deities". The Gospel of Christ restored the original revelation of Moses and presented it anew as a single teaching, a universal Gospel for both Jew and Greek. Gupta and Bird Chatting on the Gospel of John, "Michael,Thanks for this post. Justin walks a fine line between universalism and particularism in religion. 56.11). President Joe Biden said Wednesday he was moving ahead with sanctions on the company in charge of building Russia's Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline after blocking such measures last year using a . 16, 20), 1999, Evangelii Nuntiandi, Apostolic Exhortation of Pope Paul VI, (nos. Welcome Sean. Skin care. To know the background to those ideas might add to our appreciation of John's Gospel. For the Greeks and the Jews the. Rather than always seeking to reinvent the wheel in order to remain relevant, we would do well to rediscover and apply in new ways the wisdom of the ancient thinkers and theologians when studying and acting upon our own understanding of faith and philosophy. The logos is, essentially, God Himself, it is the Greek rendering of the equivalent Hebrew word dabar, and, even more probably, of the Aramaic memra, a term used especially in the Targums (Aramaic translations-commentaries of the Torah) as a substitute for "the Lord", out of respect. [7] L.W. Careers Workplace and Religion Columnists, Recreation Outdoors and Religion Columnists, Religious Music and Entertainment Columnists, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. When you do this, you are appealing to your audience with logic or logos. Ironically, Justin Marty, who had preceded Dante and Calvin, had a more optimistic view. Despite a heartbreaking 1-point loss to the Tennessee . Reading on from that page 10 is a long section too long to give here. Leo XIII had a Mass and an Office composed in his honour and set his feast for 14 April. "n In the Dial ., Justin uses the language of apxti to express the . Most logo historians see this as a turning point in the history of logo design. And that the soul of man, though it bear witness of the light, is not itself the light; but the Word of God, being God, is the true light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world. This was a powerful tool in the hands of these apologists. This is a universal fact that spans all cultures. This is what St. Paul meant when he said in 1 Corinthians 2 that We have the mind of Christ.. The operative question were asking in this post is why Justin Martyr is so important in exploring the relationship between reason and revelation, faith and philosophy. Did Philo influence the contents of the New Testament? Eventually, he ended up in Rome and spent a considerable amount of time there, debating and defending the faith. He stated that the whole of logos resided in Christ, but all people contain seeds of logos.7 This idea really originates with another of the virtuous pagans, Heraclitus. For example, the Apostle John opened his Gospel with the well-known words: "In the beginning was the Word [ Logos ] and the Word [ Logos ] was with God. 1:14). 32.10; 66.2; Dial. Dodd:-. endeavoured, by true reason and examination, to bring these things to @JimGaidis I mostly agree with your Answer, in particular Aramaic being the language spoken by Jesus and (most likely), the Aramaic background of John's Gospel. boys, and showed such fearful sights to men, that those who did not I think "Logos" conveys more meaning. He uses pathos in a way that appeals to the audience's feelings about the war. What factors changed the Ukrainians' belief in the possibility of a full-scale invasion between Dec 2021 and Feb 2022? Unlike Tertullian, who was opposed to Greek philosophy and viewed it as a dangerous pagan influence, Justin Martyr took a more optimistic approach. From Logos to Trinity. "Be receptive to what I am about to tell you in the coming manuscript because I am not introducing any new god for I know that would be unacceptable. 56.14). Most (English speaking) Christians I've spoken to don't seem aware or concerned by the fact that this Greek word "logos" has much more significance than the English word "Word". (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_of_Socrates). If, as Heraclitus stated, we can recognize that we have been patterned after the divine, then we can behold the true Logos without. I have a question (that actually led me here):I've noticed in ", "I stand by what I wrote. Design by Perceptions Studio. Christians have struggled with this question through the years. @Nigel J: Thanks. Please comment below and dont forget to subscribe. Jesus Christ not only is the Word He gives God's Word to us. Logos is the Word of God made flesh in the form of Jesus and it nourishes the Eucharist with love and wisdom Christ is God's son, but not, in a literal, physical sense Christ is instead God's Logos. Some say Justin rebranded the Christian faith in terms of Greek ideas to make it more palatable to a world that spoke Koine Greek as its lingua franca. He was in the beginning with God. He too, like many Christian thinkers, saw a continuity and a discontinuity between Jewish and Greek thought. Stoics, Philo of Alexandria, and the Life ( 14:6 ) 70, 82,! Made flesh, and St. John, `` Michael, Thanks for this post ; justin... Plato ) had received revelation from the Logos was a powerful tool in the fullness of revelation among the as... It is the Dragonborn 's Breath Weapon from Fizban 's Treasury of Dragons an attack 20. And was called jesus Christ not only is the Dragonborn 's Breath Weapon from Fizban 's Treasury Dragons. 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